Scots cultur
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Scots cultur is the naitional cultur o Scotland.
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[edit] Scots law
- Main airticle: Scots law
Scotland aye haes Scots Law, its ain European legal seestem foondit on Roman law, that brings thegither featurs o baith ceevil law an common law. The terms o union wi England specifeed the retention o separate seestems.
Aforetimes there wis sindrie regional law seestems in Scotland, ane bein Udal Law (cryed allodail or odal law forbye) in Shetland an Orkney. This wis a direct descendant o Auld Norse Law, but wis duin awa wi in 1611. Mauger this, Scots coorts haes acknowledged the owerance o udal law in some property cases as recently as the 1990s. There's a muvement tae bring back udal law [1] tae the islands as pairt o a devolution o pouer frae Edinburrie tae Shetland and Orkney.
[edit] Scots eddication
- Main airticle: Eddication in Scotland
Scotland haes a separate Scots eddication seestem an aw. The Act o Union warrandit the richts o the Scots varsities, but mair important, Scotland wis the first kintra syne Sparta in clessical Greece tae implement a seestem o general public eddication. This began wi the Eddication Act o 1696 an becam compulsory for bairns frae the implementation o the Eddication Act o 1872 onwards.
Acause o thon, for mair nor twa hunder year Scotland haed a heicher percentage o its population educate at primary, seicontarie an tertiary levels nor onie ither kintra in Europe. The differs in eddication haes kythed in different wwys, but maist noticeably in the nummer o Scots that gaed on tae become leaders in thair fields durin the 18t an 19t centuries. The politeecian Jim Wallace statit in October 2004 that Scotland produces a heicher nummer o varsitie an college graduates per heid nor onie ither place in Europe.
Schuil pupils in Scotland sits Standard Grade exams an than Higher (qualification) an/or Advanced Higher exams. Forbye thon, a Scots varsitie's honours degree taks fower year o study as agin three in the lave of the UK. The varsitie seestems in monie Commonwealth kintras shaws mair affinities wi the Scots raither nor the English seestem.
[edit] Baunkin an siller
- Main airticle: Economy o Scotland
Baunkin in Scotland haes monie aesome chairactereestics forbye. Awtho the Bank of England bydes the central baunk for the UK Guvrenment, three Scots corporate baunks aye still sets furth thair ain baunknotes: the Bank of Scotland, the Royal Bank of Scotland an the Clydesdale Bank). Thir notes disna hae onie status as legal tender (awtho thay can aye be uised aw oot-throu the UK, parteecularly in Northren Ireland, whaur Irish baunks sets furth thair ain baunknotes an aw) an thay'r also freely accepted in the Channel Islands. In Scotland, neither thay nor the Bank of England's notes ranks as legal tender (acause Scots law disna hae the concept); houaniver, baunknotes issued bi onie o the fower baunks is aye acceptit. See Scots baunk notes an aw.
For mair discussion aboot this see Legal Tender (in English).
The modren seestem o brainch baunkin (baunks haein a naitionwide seestem o offices raither nor ae-twa central offices) oreeginated in Scotland. Juist strang poleetical pressure durin the 19t century stoppit the resultin strang baunkin seestem frae takkin ower baunkin in England. Houaniver, awtho Scots baunks wisna walcome in England at the time, thair business model wis widely copied, first in England an later on in the lave o the warld. This isna tae say that the Scots baunkin seestem wis immune frae crises - specially the foonderin o the City of Glasgow Bank in 1878.
The Savins Baunk muvement wis creatit in Scotland in 1810 bi the Reverend Henry Duncan as a wey o lattin his pareeshioners tae save smawer amoonts o siller nor the major baunks wad tak as deposits at that time. His model for the Ruthwell Parish Bank wis adoptit bi bien sponsors oot-throu the warld. The American exemplars eventually becam Savins an Loan Associes wi maist o the Breetish savins baunks comin thegither tae form the Trustee Savings Bank, that no lang syne merged wi the commercial baunk, Lloyds Bank, tae form Lloyds TSB. Houaniver the Airdrie Savings Bank haudit on til its poseetion ootside this process.
Forbye thon, Scotland developit a nummer o pouerfu Life Assurance companies durin the 19t an 20t centuries. Thir wis maistlins managed on the mutual model, offerin wi-profits investment as well as protection business. Financial pressures syne the 1980s haed led tae thair demutualisations an maist is nou pairt o lairger financial institutions.
See [2] for mair wittins adae wi the history o Scots baunkin (in English).
[edit] Sports
- Main airticle: Sport in Scotland, see also Category:Sport in Scotland.
Scotland haes monie naitional sportin associations, sic as the Scottish Fitba Association (SFA) or the Scottish Rugby Union (SRU). This gies the kintra its ain representation at monie internaitional sportin events sic as the Fitbaw Warld Cup. Scotland canna compete in the Olympic Games itsel tho, an Scots athletes maun compete as pairt o the Great Britain team gin they want tae tak pairt. Houaniver Scotland does send its ain team tae compete in the Commonweal Games.
Forbye Scotland haes its ain sportin competitions apairt frae the lave o the UK. The main fitbaw competitions is the leagues organised by the Scottish Premier League an the Scottish Fitbaw League. Teams in the Highland Fitbaw League, the East o Scotland Fitbaw League an the Sooth o Scotland Fitbaw League compete in the Scottish Cup an aw, while the Scottish Junior Fitbaw Association is ootwi that structure. Scottish fitbaw clubs compete in internaitional competitions, sic as the UEFA Cup an the Champion's League.
The Scottish Rugby Union are responsible for that sport, whas main competition is the BT Premier League. Regional Scottish rugby clubs compete forbye in the Celtic League, alang wi teams frae Ireland an Wales an in the Heineken Cup, the European League for Rugby Union.
Scotland is considered the "Hame o Gowf", an is weel kent for its coorses. As weel as its warld-famed Highland Games (athletic competitions), it is the hame o curlin, an shinty, a stick game seemlar tae Ireland's hurlin, an England's field hockey. Scottish cricket is a minority game but wi some follaein an lang establisht amateur leagues.
[edit] Media
- Main airticle: Media in Scotland, see also Category:Media in Scotland.
Scotland has distinct media from the rest of the UK. For example, it produces many national newspapers such as the Daily Record (Scotland's leading tabloid), the broadsheet The Herald, based in Glasgow, an The Scotsman in Edinburgh. The Herald, formerly known as the Glasgow Herald, changed its name to promote a national rather than a regional identity, while The Scotsman, which used to be a broadsheet, recently switched to tabloid format. Sunday newspapers include the tabloid Sunday Mail (published by Daily Record parent company Trinity Mirror) and the Sunday Post, while the Sunday Herald and Scotland on Sunday have associations with The Herald and The Scotsman respectively. Regional dailies include The Courier and Advertiser in Dundee and the east, and The Press and Journal serving Aberdeen and the north.
Scotland has its own BBC services which include the national radio stations, BBC Radio Scotland and Scottish Gaelic language service, BBC Radio nan Gaidheal. There are also a number of BBC and independent local radio stations throughout the country. In addition to radio, BBC Scotland also runs two national television stations. Much of the output of BBC Scotland Television, such as news and current affairs programmes, and the Glasgow-based soap opera, River City, are intended for broadcast within Scotland, whilst others, such as drama and comedy programmes, aim at audiences throughout the UK and further afield. Sports coverage also differs, reflecting the fact that the country has its own football leagues, separate from those of England.
Three Independent Television stations (Scottish TV, Grampian TV and Border) also broadcast in Scotland. Although they previously had independent existences, Scottish TV (serving the Central Lowlands) and Grampian (serving the Highlands and Islands) now belong to the same company (SMG plc) and resemble each other closely, apart from local news coverage. "Border" has had a more complex position, as it also has to serve neighbouring areas across the border in England, as well as the Isle of Man, and it now has separate news programs for each side of the border. Most of the independent television output equates to that transmitted in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, with the exception of news and current affairs, sport, cultural and Scottish Gaelic language programming.
Tele-G is the only Gaelic language service, broadcasting UK wide on the Freeview platform every night between 6pm and 7pm on Channel 8.
[edit] Food and drink
- Main airticle: Scots fuid, see also Category:Scots fuid.
Although the Deep fried Mars bar is jokingly said to exemplify the modern Scottish diet, Scottish cuisine offers such traditional dishes as haggis, Buccleuch Scotch beef, the Arbroath Smokie,salmon,venison, cranachan, bannock, Scotch Broth and shortbread.
- Scotch whisky and its distilleries
- Scottish beer and the "shilling" classification
[edit] Arts
- Main airticle: Arts in Scotland, see also Category:Arts in Scotland.
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- Scottish music
- Scottish literature
- Gaelic punk
[edit] Other facets of Scottish culture
- See also Category:Scottish culture.
Scotland retains its own distinct sense of nationhood. Academic research consistently shows that people in Scotland feel Scottish, whilst not necessarily feeling the need to see that translated into the establishment of a fully-independent Scottish nation-state.
Scotland also has its own unique family of languages and dialects, helping to foster a strong sense of "Scottish-ness". See Scots language and Scottish Gaelic language. An organisation called Iomairt Cholm Cille (http://www.colmcille.net) has been set up to support Gaelic-speaking communities in both Scotland and Ireland and to promote links between them.
Scotland retains its own national church, separate from that of England. See Church of Scotland and Religion in the United Kingdom.
The patron saints of Scotland are Saint (Queen) Margaret and Saint Andrew, and Saint Andrew's Day is celebrated in the country on 30 November.
These factors combine together to form a strong, readily identifiable Scottish civic culture.
[edit] Miscellaneous
Scotland's iconic claims to fame include:
- Bagpipes
- Robert Burns, Burns night, Burns supper
- Dolly the sheep
- Gaelic punk, the new face of Gaelic music with bands such as Oi Polloi and Mill a h-Uile Rud.
- Golf and the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews
- Hogmanay (New Year's Eve)
- Irn-Bru
- Kilts
- Loch Ness, said to contain the Loch Ness monster "Nessie".
- Scottish country dancing
- Scottish highland dance
- Scottish Highlands (Aviemore, Cairngorms, Munros) and islands (Hebrides, Orkney, Shetland)
- Tartan
- The thistle, the country's national emblem - according to legend a Danish attacker stepped on one at night, so alerting the defenders of a Scottish castle, hence it is called the "guardian thistle"
- Tweed, especially Harris Tweed
[edit] See an aw
- Scots creenge
- Scots fowklair
- Scots naitional identity
- Heuchterin an Teuchterin
Template:Scots topics
