This portal covers software with the ability for users to freely run, study, modify, and redistribute it. නිදහස් means the software is unfettered by technical and legal restrictions which would prevent or prohibit using, understanding, changing or sharing it. Alternative terms for free software include "විවෘත මූලාශ්‍ර මෘදුකාංග" (OSS), "නිදහස් හා විවෘත මූලාශ්‍ර මෘදුකාංග" (FOSS), "free/libre/open-source software" (FLOSS), and "software libre". Free software is defined by freedom, not cost; for information on software available at no cost, see freeware.
The GNU Compiler Collection (usually shortened to GCC) is a set of programming language compilers produced by the GNU ව්‍යාපෘතිය. It is නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග distributed by the නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග පදනම (FSF) under the GNU GPL and GNU LGPL, and is a key component of the GNU toolchain. It is the standard compiler for the free software Unix-like මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති, and certain proprietary operating systems derived from them such as Mac OS X. Originally named the GNU C Compiler, because it only handled the C programming language, GCC was later extended to compile C++, Java, Fortran, and Ada among others. GCC was written by Richard Stallman in 1987 as the compiler for the GNU Project, in order to have a compiler available that was නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග. Its development was closely shepherded by the නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග පදනම. In 1997, a group of developers, dissatisfied with the slow pace and closed nature of official GCC development, formed a project called EGCS (Experimental/Enhanced GNU Compiler System), which merged several experimental forks into a single project forked from GCC. EGCS development subsequently proved sufficiently more vital than GCC development, and EGCS was eventually "blessed" as the official version of GCC in April 1999. (More...)
Recently featured: Rockbox – FreeBSD – Samba
"Free software" is the term coined in 1983 by Richard Stallman (known as RMS) to describe software which can be run, studied, modified, and redistributed. To advertise his views and promote free software, including the GNU project, Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation (FSF) in 1985. The FSF publishes the most frequently cited definition of "free software" but others exist, including the Debian Free Software Guidelines. In addition, informal definitions exist within the BSD-based operating system communities, the main divergence being that they disagree with the use of copyleft.
In 1998 Bruce Perens and Eric S Raymond launched[1] a program to market free software "because it works, not because it's the only right thing to do," under the alternative label "open-source software."[2] To this end they founded the Open Source Initiative (OSI). This term is currently in widespread use but is also an occasional source of friction. Other names in use include "free and open-source software" (FOSS); "free/libre/open-source software" (FLOSS); and "libre software" or "software libre", from the French word libre meaning free but lacking the "without cost" ambiguity.
...learn about other terms for free software.
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විකිපීඩියා විශේෂාංග ලිපි
 The following articles related to free software have been chosen as featured articles on Wikipedia:
- Common Unix Printing System – a modern system for queueing print jobs on Unix-like operating systems
- Emacs – a text editor and working environment
- GNU/Linux naming controversy – an ongoing debate about what term to use for operating systems made by combining GNU and Linux
- Mozilla Firefox – a web browser
- OpenBSD – an operating system, well respected for its security
- PaX – a modification to the Linux kernel for improved security
- X Window System – a graphical user interface manager, used for drawing windows and other objects on the computer screen
The following is a selection of free software computer operating systems:
Originally derived from BSD:
- Dragonfly BSD
- FreeBSD
- NetBSD
- OpenBSD
ලිනක්ස් distributions:
- Debian GNU/ලිනක්ස්
- Fedora Core
- Gentoo ලිනක්ස්
- Mandriva ලිනක්ස්
- openSUSE
- Red Hat Enterprise ලිනක්ස්
- තැප්‍රෝබේන් ලිනක්ස්
- උබුන්ටු
Others:
- FreeDOS
- Inferno
- OpenDarwin
- OpenSolaris
- Plan 9
- ReactOS
For a complete list of විකිපීඩියා articles on free software operating systems, see Category:නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධති.
Category:නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග has a growing list of subcategories:
මෘදුකාංග වර්ග
application servers | audio මෘදුකාංග | backup මෘදුකාංග | BitTorrent clients | CD writing මෘදුකාංග | compilers and interpreters | computer-aided design මෘදුකාංග | content management systems | data compression මෘදුකාංග | database management systems | desktop environments | development toolkits and libraries | e-mail මෘදුකාංග | EDA මෘදුකාංග | file managers | file transfer මෘදුකාංග | games | educational මෘදුකාංග | graphics මෘදුකාංග | groupware | HTML editors | image galleries | instant messengers | integrated development environments | Internet forum මෘදුකාංග | IRC clients | learning support මෘදුකාංග | mathematics මෘදුකාංග | media players | multimedia codecs, containers, and splitters | notetaking මෘදුකාංග | office suites | operating systems | PDF මෘදුකාංග | revision control මෘදුකාංග | science මෘදුකාංග | shooter games | special purpose file systems | spreadsheets | television මෘදුකාංග | TeX මෘදුකාංග | text editors | video මෘදුකාංග | web browsers | window managers | windowing systems | word processors
People, projects, and groupings
- Apache මෘදුකාංග පදනමේ ව්‍යාපෘති
- නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග related events and awards
- නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග programmers
- නිදහස් හා විවෘත මූලාශ්‍ර මෘදුකාංග සංවිධාන
- නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග පදනමේ අධ්‍යක්ෂ මණ්ඩල සාමාජිකයන්
- නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග පදනම
- GNU ව්‍යාපෘතිය
and GNU project මෘදුකාංග
Non-software materials
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නීතිමය සහ ව්‍යාවස්ථාදායක
Free software exists in an environment which includes laws, standards, and technology. These things can encourage, allow, or inhibit free software. Current issues, sometimes perceived as threats to free software or related more general freedoms, include the following:
- Digital Rights Management (sometimes altered to Digital Restrictions Management by critics)
- Software patents
- Trusted Computing (dubbed Treacherous Computing by RMS)
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නිදහස් මෘදුකාංග බලපත්‍ර
The following are the most commonly used free software licenses:
- GNU General Public License
- GNU Lesser General Public License
- Modified BSD License
- Mozilla Public License
- MIT License
- Apache License
For more, see Category:Free software licenses.
If you would like to help, here are some suggestions for things to do. The date in parenthesis is the date on which the task was added.
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