5th United States Congress
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The Fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met at Congress Hall in Philadelphia Pennsylvania from March 4, 1797 to March 3, 1799, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President John Adams.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the First Census of the United States in 1790. Both chambers had a Federalist majority.
[edit] Dates of sessions
- Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1797
- First session: May 15, 1797 - July 10, 1797
- Second session: November 13, 1797 - July 16, 1798
- Special session of the Senate: July 17, 1798 - July 19, 1798
- Third session: December 3, 1798 - March 3, 1799 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 4th Congress
Next congress: 6th Congress
[edit] Major events
- Main article: Events of 1797; Events of 1798; Events of 1799
- March 4, 1797 – John Adams became President of the United States
- July 7, 1797 - Quasi-War: The U.S. Congress rescinded existing treaties with France
- July 8, 1797 - The Senate expelled Senator William Blount for conspiring with the British to violate American neutrality laws and conduct filibustering expeditions against Spanish Florida and Spanish-held Louisiana
- July 11, 1798 - The United States Marine Corps was established.
- XYZ Affair in the U.S., followed by naval skirmishes but no war is declared.
- French Revolutionary Wars (1797 - 1802) of the Second Coalition
- Irish Rebellion of 1798
[edit] Major legislation
- April 7, 1798 - Mississippi was organized as a territory. It was formerly a portion of Georgia and South Carolina
- April 30, 1798: The U.S. Department of the Navy was established.
- Alien and Sedition Acts:
- June 18, 1798 - An Act to Establish an Uniform Rule of Naturalization (Naturalization Act of 1798), ch. 54, 1 Stat.566
- June 25, 1798 - An Act Concerning Aliens, ch. 58, 1 Stat. 570
- July 6, 1798 - An Act Respecting Alien Enemies, ch. 66, 1 Stat. 577
- July 14, 1798 - An Act for the Punishment of Certain Crimes against the United States (Sedition Act), ch. 74, 1 Stat. 596
[edit] Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
TOTAL members: 32 |
TOTAL members: 106 |
[edit] Leadership
- Senate
- Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- President pro tempore of the Senate:
- William Bradford, Federalist of Rhode Island, elected July 6, 1797
- Jacob Read, Federalist of South Carolina, elected November 22, 1797
- Theodore Sedgwick, Federalist of Massachusetts, elected June 27, 1798
- John Laurance, Federalist of New York, elected December 6, 1798
- James Ross, Federalist of Pennsylvania, elected March 1, 1799
- House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House
- Jonathan Dayton, Federalist of New Jersey, elected May 15, 1797
[edit] Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
- See also: 5th United States Congress - Political Parties
- See also: 5th United States Congress - State Delegations
- See also: United States House election, 1796
[edit] Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1802; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1798; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1800.
- See also: U.S. Senators
- See also: U.S. Congressional Delegations by state
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[edit] House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
- See also: U.S. Representatives
- See also: U.S. Congressional Delegations by state
[edit] Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
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[edit] Officers
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[edit] Notes
- ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
- ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
- ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
- ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
- ^ the 4th district was a plural district with two representatives
- ^ all representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket
[edit] References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
[edit] External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875 [1]
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [2]
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress [3]
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [4]
- U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [5]
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [6]
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United States Congress Senate • Senators • Senate Leaders • Senate Committees • Senate Elections House • Representatives • House Leaders • House Committees • House Elections • House Districts |
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